white precipitate of titanium dioxide

The author thanks Marco Leona, Scientist-in-Charge of the Department of Scientific Research at the Metropolitan Museum of Art for conducting fluorescence spectrometry on Wheel of Fortune and a valuable discussion of the research, as well as Silvia Centeno, Research Scientist at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, who performed Raman analysis on the watercolors and also contributed her insight. The phenomenon of the phosphorescing lithopone was originally discovered during the author's fellowship in the Sherman Fairchild Center for the Conservation of Works on Paper, funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The author thanks all her colleagues for their ideas and support during the research of this paper, and special thanks to Rachel Mustalish for her assistance in editing this work.

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This technology offers several advantages over traditional water purification methods. For instance, it reduces the need for chemical additives, thereby minimizing secondary pollution. Furthermore, TIO2's stability, non-toxicity, and ability to function under ambient conditions make it an ideal choice for large-scale water treatment facilities. By integrating TIO2 into their operational framework, water factories can achieve higher purity output while significantly lowering energy consumption and operational costs.

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